mysql on Ricardo

MySQL SQL 常用命令

Sat, 03 Oct 2026 22:00:00 +0800

#sql #mysql #command

1 库表结构操作

1.1 建库

1.1.1 DDL 创建数据库设置字符串集utf8

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CREATE DATABASE `db_name` CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS db_name;

字符集	长度	说明
GBK	2	支持中文，但是不是国际通用字符集
UTF-8	3	支持中英文混合场景，是国际通用字符集
latin1	2	MySQL默认字符集
utf8mb4	4	完全兼容UTF-8，用四个字节存储更多的字符

1.1.2 DDL 删库

`1`	DROP DATABASE `db_name`;

用户赋权

查询当前用户权限

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show grants;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, RELOAD, PROCESS, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, CREATE USER, EVENT, TRIGGER ON *.* TO 'username'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION

删除权限

`1`	revoke SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `db_name`.`table_name` from 'user_name'@'%';

mysql 8.0 创建用户

`1`	`create user 'username'@'host' identified by 'password';`

给用户赋权

GRANT all privileges ON zabbix.* TO zabbix@localhost identified BY 'password';

-- mysql 8.0 用户授权
grant all privileges on *.* to 'username'@'%' with grant option;
grant all privileges on jumpserver.* to 'jumpserver'@'127.0.0.1' with grant option;

-- 表粒度赋权，不能一次执行多条赋权
GRANT SELECT ON `db_zone_global`.`t_activity` TO 'activity_rd'@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON `db_zone_global`.`t_activity_battle` TO 'activity_rd'@'%';
GRANT SELECT ON `db_web_gm`.`t_common_op_log` TO 'activity_rd'@'%';

赋权

GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'prod_order_center'@'%' GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER ON `order_center`.* TO 'prod_order_center'@'%';

select user,host from mysql.user;
show grants for 'prod_sysmgr';
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER ON `yimi`.`erp_clients` TO 'prod_sysmgr'@'%'

授权之后刷新权限

`1`	`flush privileges;`

查询用户权限

查询指定用户权限

show grants for 'stage-user'@'%';

-- 查看怎么进入的
select user();

删除用户

`1`	`drop user Jenkins@'localhost';`

数据库新建用户数据库用户修改密码

修改用户密码(登录状态)

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE  ON *.* TO 'csz'@'%' identified by  "asdfghjkl";
set password for 'user'@'%' = password('your_password');

UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD(’新密码’) WHERE User=’root’;
# the first time update password
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('password');

# mysql8
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

数据库用户赋权

1.2 数据库表的增删改查

1.2.1 DDL 新增表建表

CREATE TABLE `bo_eu_yw_gzsbsq_guanyuan` (
  `id` char(36) NOT NULL COMMENT '唯一标志',
  `orgid` varchar(36) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '组织id',
  `bindid` char(36) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '关联值',
  `createdate` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `createuser` varchar(36) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人',
  `updatedate` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  `updateuser` varchar(36) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新人',
  `processdefid` char(36) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '流程定义id',
  `isend` smallint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否结束',
  `djbh` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '单据编号',
  `sqrq` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '申请日期',
  `sqr` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '上报人',
  `sqrzh` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '申请人账户',
  `suborderno` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '子工单号',
  `subbindid` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '子工单bindid',
  `created_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
  `updated_at` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  `status_flag` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '更新状态',
  `handler_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '处理人',
  `handler_dep` varchar(255) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '处理人部门',
  `comment_create_success_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '制单成功时间',
  `isend_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '是否结束name',
  `sffp_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '是否复盘name',
  `sfyjkfx_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '是否有监控发现name',
  `sfqx_name` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '是否缺陷name',
  `circulation_times` varchar(128) DEFAULT '' COMMENT '转办次数',
  PRIMARY KEY (`bindid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC COMMENT='故障上报观远报表关联字段';

1.2.2 DDL 删除表

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-- 直接删除表，不检查是否存在
DROP TABLE table_name ;

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-- 检查是否存在表，然后删除表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS table_name;

1.2.3 DDL 表新增字段，并指定字段位置

`1`	ALTER TABLE `cmdb_appops`.`sysops_aliyun_sls` ADD `product_key` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NA' COMMENT '数字产品 key' AFTER `project_id`;

1.2.4 DDL 修改表字段

`1`	ALTER TABLE cmdb_appops.appops_kuber_dump_file CHANGE `oss_download_url` `download_url` varchar(350) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NA' COMMENT '下载url';

修改表字段属性(类型, 长度)

`1`	ALTER TABLE `cmdb_appops`.`techops_split_bill_instance` MODIFY `project_id_name` varchar(150) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NA' COMMENT '关联项目名';

修改表字段顺序

也可以用change

`1`	alter table app03_book modify `price` decimal(8,2) DEFAULT NULL after publishDate;

mysql自增ID起始值修改方法

alter table app03_authordetail AUTO_INCREMENT=10000;

# 创建语句

CREATE TABLE `orders` (
  `order_num` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
  `order_date` datetime NOT NULL,
  `cust_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY  (`order_num`),
  KEY `fk_orders_customers` (`cust_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_orders_customers` FOREIGN KEY (`cust_id`) REFERENCES `customers` (`cust_id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10000 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

查看建表语句

`1`	`show create table [table_name]`

1.2.5 DDL 删除表字段

`1`	ALTER TABLE `cmdb_appops`.`techops_split_bill_instance` DROP `product_key`;

数据库表的索引操作

1.2.6 DDL 新增表索引

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ALTER TABLE `cmdb_appops`.`appops_kubernetes_events` ADD UNIQUE INDEX `uid_v_unique_index`(`metadata_uid`, `metadata_resource_version`);

ALTER TABLE `question_use_records` ADD INDEX `IDX_question_id`(`question_id`,`student_id`) USING BTREE;

1.2.7 DDL 删除表索引

`1`	ALTER TABLE `cmdb_appops`.`appops_kubernetes_events` DROP INDEX `uid_v_unique_index`;

DCL 控制语句，设置自动提交

`1`	`set autocommit=0;`

修改index值，新表默认从1开始

`1`	`ALTER TABLE project_mark_table auto_increment = 2;`

表数据的增删改查

DML 表数据插入

INSERT INTO cmdb_appops.techops_bill_flow_process_node_definition (node_id,node_name,next_node,back_node,repeat_exec,task_name,comment,created_at,updated_at) VALUES
  ('1','起始','2','1',0,'NA','不可重复，赛峰解析阿里云数据','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:29'),
  ('2','初始化分账账单','3','1',0,'apps.billmanagement.task.split_bill_2_instance.handle_split_bill_to_instance','不可重复，将阿里云数据生成id/split_id唯一','2023-03-06 23:33:11','2023-03-06 23:36:20'),
  ('3','一级实例id数据生成','4','2',0,'apps.billmanagement.task.split_bill_2_instance.handle_split_bill_to_instance_rule_product','不可重复，将阿里云数据生成id/split_id唯一','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('4','一级分账规则生成','5','3',0,'apps.billmanagement.task.split_bill_2_instance.handle_split_bill_to_instance_rule_product_init','不可重复，1将阿里云数据生成产品唯一，2同时获取上个月分摊逻辑数据写入当月数据','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('5','一级特殊实例id配置','6','4',0,'apps.billmanagement.task.split_bill_2_instance.handle_split_bill_instance_particular_init','不可重复，将上个月特殊实例id拷贝写入当月','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('6','一级分账规则写入实例','7','5',1,'apps/billmanagement/task/split_bill_rule_to_instance.handle_split_bill_rule_to_instance_main','根据一级分摊规则写入数据','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('7','二级分摊配置','8','6',0,'NA','拷贝同步上个月录入二级分摊规则配置','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('8','二级分摊规则关联','9','7',1,'NA','同步上个月录入二级分摊关联','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('9','二级分摊结果生成','10','8',1,'NA','根据关联逻辑分摊二级账单','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('10','三级分摊配置','11','9',0,'NA','拷贝同步上个月录入三级分摊规则配置','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('11','三级分摊规则关联','12','10',1,'NA','同步上个月录入三级分摊关联','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30'),
  ('12','三级分摊结果生成','12','11',1,'NA','根据关联逻辑分摊三级账单','2023-03-01 23:59:35','2023-03-06 23:35:30');

DML 表删除数据

`1`	DELETE FROM `company_devops`.`rbac_permission` WHERE `id`=169;

DML 清空表数据

`1`	`TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;`

DML 表数据更新

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-- 使用语法 UPDATE table_name SET field1=new-value1, field2=new-value2 [WHERE Clause]

UPDATE `company_devops`.`rbac_permission` SET status=1,permission=2 WHERE `id`=168;

DML 表数据查询

`1`	`select * from server_domain_and_port where type="1";`

DML 查询指定行数的数据，从第10行向后查询5条数据

`1`	`SELECT userMobile FROM mis_user_info limit 10,5;`

sql 其他操作

https://blog.csdn.net/yageeart/article/details/7973381

手动灌sql

`1`	`mysql -h db.adress.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com -P 3306 -u user_name -p'password' db_name < insert.sql`

也可以进入mysql，source file

查看慢查询设置时间，单位秒

`1`	`show VARIABLES like 'long_query_time';`

查询存储过程创建命令

`1`	`show create procedure sp_add_view_lesson_doc;`

查询从库master信息

查看主库状态

`1`	`SHOW MASTER STATUS;`

主库状态结果

mysql> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             File: master-bin.000868
         Position: 782491827
     Binlog_Do_DB: 
 Binlog_Ignore_DB: information_schema,mysql,test,performance_schema
Executed_Gtid_Set: 7fb22524-166f-11ef-94d3-3cecefba3d48:1-9691144
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> Bye

查看从库状态

`1`	`SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G`

查看结果

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Reconnecting after a failed master event read
                  Master_Host: 10.64.57.88
                  Master_User: replicate
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.044525
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 948993872
               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.133574
                Relay_Log_Pos: 948994087
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.044525
             Slave_IO_Running: Connecting
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: information_schema,mysql,test,performance_schema
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 948993872
              Relay_Log_Space: 948994345
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 2003
                Last_IO_Error: error reconnecting to master 'replicate@10.64.57.88:3306' - retry-time: 60  retries: 11
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 11
                  Master_UUID: d2748d8a-3475-11eb-b6ae-ac1f6bf552dc
             Master_Info_File: /data/percona_slave/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 240604 22:33:51
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: d2748d8a-3475-11eb-b6ae-ac1f6bf552dc:1-1098648649
            Executed_Gtid_Set: d2748d8a-3475-11eb-b6ae-ac1f6bf552dc:1-1098648649
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)v

在主库查看从库的信息

`1`	`show processlist;`

mysql> show processlist;
+--------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------+-------------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+---------------+
| Id     | User      | Host                | db                         | Command     | Time    | State                                                         | Info             | Rows_sent | Rows_examined |
+--------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------+-------------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+---------------+
|  42423 | replicate | 10.117.62.200:34662 | NULL                       | Binlog Dump | 1189092 | Master has sent all binlog to slave; waiting for more updates | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
|  70508 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:35914 | db_zone_battlereport_12460 | Sleep       |      13 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
|  70552 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:36140 | db_zone_12460              | Sleep       |      13 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             1 |
|  70651 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:36302 | db_zone_12460              | Sleep       |       3 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
|  70680 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:36408 | db_zone_battlereport_12460 | Sleep       |       1 |                                                               | NULL             |         6 |             6 |
|  71506 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:37400 | db_zone_battlereport_8074  | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
|  71544 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:37624 | db_zone_8074               | Sleep       |       9 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             1 |
|  71590 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:37786 | db_zone_8074               | Sleep       |       5 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
|  71623 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:37890 | db_zone_battlereport_8074  | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         5 |             5 |
|  71941 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:38536 | db_zone_battlereport_9414  | Sleep       |       6 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
|  71985 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:38748 | db_zone_9414               | Sleep       |       6 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             1 |
|  72070 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:39002 | db_zone_9414               | Sleep       |       2 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
|  72100 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:39136 | db_zone_battlereport_9414  | Sleep       |       8 |                                                               | NULL             |         6 |             6 |
|  72756 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:40528 | db_zone_battlereport_12582 | Sleep       |       3 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
|  72801 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:40762 | db_zone_12582              | Sleep       |       3 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             1 |
|  72886 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:41066 | db_zone_12582              | Sleep       |       1 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
|  72919 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:41218 | db_zone_battlereport_12582 | Sleep       |       8 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
|  73191 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:41966 | db_zone_battlereport_12738 | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
|  73226 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:42222 | db_zone_12738              | Sleep       |      13 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             1 |
|  73288 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:42510 | db_zone_12738              | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
|  73322 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:42678 | db_zone_battlereport_12738 | Sleep       |      17 |                                                               | NULL             |         6 |             6 |
| 153875 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:50042 | db_zone_battlereport_2295  | Sleep       |       1 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 153913 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:50366 | db_zone_2295               | Sleep       |       1 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             1 |
| 153991 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:50754 | db_zone_2295               | Sleep       |       7 |                                                               | NULL             |         1 |             1 |
| 154006 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:50850 | db_zone_battlereport_2295  | Sleep       |      18 |                                                               | NULL             |         6 |             6 |
| 154644 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54054 | db_zone_9414               | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154645 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54132 | db_zone_9414               | Sleep       |      22 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154646 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54220 | db_zone_12460              | Sleep       |       3 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154647 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54262 | db_zone_12460              | Sleep       |      12 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154648 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54264 | db_zone_12460              | Sleep       |      13 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154652 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54358 | db_zone_8074               | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154664 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54652 | db_zone_8074               | Sleep       |       6 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154665 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54654 | db_zone_8074               | Sleep       |       7 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154666 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54738 | db_zone_9414               | Sleep       |      21 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154668 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:54892 | db_zone_2295               | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154682 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:55058 | db_zone_2295               | Sleep       |       9 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154683 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:55060 | db_zone_2295               | Sleep       |       9 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154726 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:55610 | db_zone_12582              | Sleep       |       2 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154727 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:55666 | db_zone_12582              | Sleep       |      36 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154728 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:55667 | db_zone_12582              | Sleep       |      37 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154771 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:56176 | db_zone_12738              | Sleep       |       0 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154786 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:56284 | db_zone_12738              | Sleep       |      18 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 154787 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:56300 | db_zone_12738              | Sleep       |     198 |                                                               | NULL             |         0 |             0 |
| 321956 | moba      | 10.117.67.101:53854 | NULL                       | Query       |       0 | starting                                                      | show processlist |         0 |             0 |
+--------+-----------+---------------------+----------------------------+-------------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+---------------+
44 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> Bye

删除索引

`1`	ALTER TABLE `duty_schedule_group_rule_relationship` DROP INDEX duty_schedule_group_rule_group_id_rule_id_a918fd5a_uniq;

复杂sql

select
	distinct server
from
	t_server
where
	app = 'MOBA'
	and server not in (
		select
			distinct server
		from
			t_server
		where
			IF(
				SUBSTRING_INDEX(division, '.',-1)>1000,
				FLOOR(SUBSTRING_INDEX(division, '.',-1)/ 1000),
				SUBSTRING_INDEX(division, '.',-1)
			) in (55, 56, 57, 58, 59)
	)
	and
		IF(
			SUBSTRING_INDEX(division, '.',-1)>1000,
			FLOOR(SUBSTRING_INDEX(division, '.',-1)/ 1000),
			SUBSTRING_INDEX(division, '.',-1)
		) in (100, 200);

res

AccountProtectServer
DataBridgeServer
DataQueryServer
GMServer
NetEaseYidunServer
PassProxyServer
ProtoGateServer
SmsServer
TranslateServer
ZoneManagerServer

server 的分区是 100，200，且不是55, 56, 57, 58, 59分区

mysqlclient 安装记录

Sat, 03 Oct 2026 22:00:00 +0800

#mysql #python #install #mysqlclient

mysqlclient 安装

一、官方安装操作

pypi 安装

# Assume you are activating Python 3 venv
$ brew install mysql-client pkg-config
$ export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/mysql-client/lib/pkgconfig"
$ pip install mysqlclient

二、安装问题解决

1. xcode 问题

解决操作命令

`1`	`xcode-select --install`

xcrun error xcode error

报错内容

(venv) clin:devops-api/ (master) $ pip install mysqlclient                                                                                                               [10:54:12]
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/37/fb/d9a8f763c84f1e789c027af0ffc7dbf94c9a38db961484f253f0552cbb47/mysqlclient-2.2.1.tar.gz (89 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Installing backend dependencies ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
  Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [41 lines of output]
      # Options for building extension module:
        extra_compile_args: ['-I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/include/mysql', '-std=c99']
        extra_link_args: ['-L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/lib', '-lmysqlclient']
        define_macros: [('version_info', (2, 2, 1, 'final', 0)), ('__version__', '2.2.1')]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      running egg_info
      writing src/mysqlclient.egg-info/PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to src/mysqlclient.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
      writing top-level names to src/mysqlclient.egg-info/top_level.txt
      reading manifest file 'src/mysqlclient.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      adding license file 'LICENSE'
      writing manifest file 'src/mysqlclient.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      copying src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      running build_ext
      building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/src
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/src/MySQLdb
      gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g "-Dversion_info=(2, 2, 1, 'final', 0)" -D__version__=2.2.1 -I/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9 -c src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/src/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/include/mysql -std=c99
      xcrun: error: invalid active developer path (/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools), missing xcrun at: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/xcrun
      error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
Failed to build mysqlclient
ERROR: Could not build wheels for mysqlclient, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

1. mysql 8.0 兼容问题

解决操作命令

`1`	`pip install -e git+https://github.com/etripier/mysqlclient.git@ee1882e02e3c73910b1d6df86bbdce784edbb881#egg=mysqlclient`

git fix link https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient/issues/688

(venv) clin:devops-api/ (master) $ pip install mysqlclient                                                                                                               [10:54:54]
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/37/fb/d9a8f763c84f1e789c027af0ffc7dbf94c9a38db961484f253f0552cbb47/mysqlclient-2.2.1.tar.gz (89 kB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Installing backend dependencies ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
  Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  
  × Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [58 lines of output]
      # Options for building extension module:
        extra_compile_args: ['-I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/include/mysql', '-std=c99']
        extra_link_args: ['-L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/lib', '-lmysqlclient']
        define_macros: [('version_info', (2, 2, 1, 'final', 0)), ('__version__', '2.2.1')]
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_py
      creating build
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      copying src/MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      creating build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      copying src/MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb/constants
      running egg_info
      writing src/mysqlclient.egg-info/PKG-INFO
      writing dependency_links to src/mysqlclient.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
      writing top-level names to src/mysqlclient.egg-info/top_level.txt
      reading manifest file 'src/mysqlclient.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
      adding license file 'LICENSE'
      writing manifest file 'src/mysqlclient.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
      copying src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c -> build/lib.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/MySQLdb
      running build_ext
      building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/src
      creating build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/src/MySQLdb
      gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -arch x86_64 -g "-Dversion_info=(2, 2, 1, 'final', 0)" -D__version__=2.2.1 -I/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/include -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9 -c src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.9-x86_64-cpython-39/src/MySQLdb/_mysql.o -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/include/mysql -std=c99
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:527:9: error: call to undeclared function 'mysql_ssl_set'; ISO C99 and later do not support implicit function declarations [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
              mysql_ssl_set(&(self->connection), key, cert, ca, capath, cipher);
              ^
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:527:9: note: did you mean 'mysql_close'?
      /usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/include/mysql/mysql.h:797:14: note: 'mysql_close' declared here
      void STDCALL mysql_close(MYSQL *sock);
                   ^
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:1795:9: error: call to undeclared function 'mysql_kill'; ISO C99 and later do not support implicit function declarations [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
          r = mysql_kill(&(self->connection), pid);
              ^
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:1795:9: note: did you mean 'mysql_ping'?
      /usr/local/Cellar/mysql-client/8.3.0/include/mysql/mysql.h:525:13: note: 'mysql_ping' declared here
      int STDCALL mysql_ping(MYSQL *mysql);
                  ^
      src/MySQLdb/_mysql.c:2011:9: error: call to undeclared function 'mysql_shutdown'; ISO C99 and later do not support implicit function declarations [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
          r = mysql_shutdown(&(self->connection), SHUTDOWN_DEFAULT);
              ^
      3 errors generated.
      error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for mysqlclient
Failed to build mysqlclient
ERROR: Could not build wheels for mysqlclient, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

2. arm 芯片安装异常报错

应用启动报错

/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/bin/python3.8 /Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/manage.py", line 20, in main
    django.setup()
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 91, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 224, in create
    import_module(entry)
  File "/usr/local/var/pyenv/versions/3.8.15/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 843, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/apps/cmdb/__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from cmdb.task.sync_system_projects import sync_system_projects
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/apps/cmdb/task/sync_system_projects.py", line 2, in <module>
    import MySQLdb
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 17, in <module>
    from . import _mysql
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-38-darwin.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-38-darwin.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64')), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-38-darwin.so' (no such file), '/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-38-darwin.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'x86_64', need 'arm64'))

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/manage.py", line 32, in <module>
    main()
  File "/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/manage.py", line 23, in main
    raise ImportError(
ImportError: Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you forget to activate a virtual environment?

Process finished with exit code 1

解决方案，先卸载，然后安装对应arm版本

(venv) clin:devops-api/ (master) $ pip uninstall mysqlclient                                                                                                                                                                                                              [17:01:12]
Found existing installation: mysqlclient 2.2.4
Uninstalling mysqlclient-2.2.4:
  Would remove:
    /Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/MySQLdb/*
    /Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/mysqlclient-2.2.4.dist-info/*
Proceed (Y/n)? y
  Successfully uninstalled mysqlclient-2.2.4
(venv) clin:devops-api/ (master) $ ARCHFLAGS="-arch arm64" pip install mysqlclient --compile --no-cache-dir                                                                                                                                                               [17:03:01]
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
Collecting mysqlclient
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/79/33/996dc0ba3f03e2399adc91a7de1f61cb14b57ebdb4cc6eca8a78723043cb/mysqlclient-2.2.4.tar.gz (90 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 90 kB 256 kB/s             
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Installing backend dependencies ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Building wheels for collected packages: mysqlclient
  Building wheel for mysqlclient (pyproject.toml) ... done
  Created wheel for mysqlclient: filename=mysqlclient-2.2.4-cp38-cp38-macosx_12_0_arm64.whl size=75702 sha256=a3e9ae6f73d411a05e3af30579534c66ae3e5e1b9087b0fc89b2b84987e3bd3d
  Stored in directory: /private/var/folders/y7/s2k99dl93dz6gwl73yxjtn2c0000gn/T/pip-ephem-wheel-cache-xf7j4ax5/wheels/34/f1/30/55bf7960d0b0ff6257e4a1462e0c08c5748202e5eaeeef826c
Successfully built mysqlclient
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
Successfully installed mysqlclient-2.2.4
WARNING: You are using pip version 21.3.1; however, version 24.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/Users/clin/File/Project/shuhe/devops-api/venv/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

3. 另辟蹊径，安装pymysql解决问题

pip install pymysql

在项目的__init__文件里配置(与settings同级)添加模块

1
2
3

import pymysql

pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

mysqldump 常用操作

Sat, 03 Oct 2026 22:00:00 +0800

#mysql #sql #mysqldump

mysqldump

mysqldump 5.7

1. mysql 导出表结构和表数据 mysqldump用法，命令行下具体用法如下:

`1`	`mysqldump -u用戶名 -p密码 -d 数据库名表名 > 脚本名;`

2. 导出整个数据库结构和数据

`1`	`mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 database > dump.sql`

3. 导出单个数据表结构和数据

`1`	`mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 database table > dump.sql`

4.导出整个数据库结构（不包含数据）

`1`	`mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 -d database > dump.sql`

5.导出单个数据表结构（不包含数据）

`1`	`mysqldump -h localhost -uroot -p123456 -d database table > dump.sql`

6.mysqldump 备份导出数据排除某张表

就用 --ignore-table=dbname.tablename 参数就行了。

`1`	`mysqldump -uusername -ppassword -h192.168.0.1 -P3306 dbname --ignore-table=dbname.dbtanles > dump.sql`

mysqldump 8.0

mysqldump8.0 需要设置--column-statistics=0参数

1
2
3

  --column-statistics Add an ANALYZE TABLE statement to regenerate any existing
                      column statistics.
                      (Defaults to on; use --skip-column-statistics to disable.)

mysqldump --column-statistics=0 -uusername -ppassword -hhostname -P3306 cmdb_appops --ignore-table=cmdb_appops.appops_application \
--ignore-table=cmdb_appops.techops_aliyun_daily_billing_item_bill \
--ignore-table=cmdb_appops.techops_split_bill \
--ignore-table=cmdb_appops.techops_split_bill_instance \
--ignore-table=cmdb_appops.wfh_comment > dump.sql

建议使用参数

/usr/bin/mysqldump -u moba -pmoba2016 -h 10.162.84.200 --events --set-gtid-purged=OFF --single-transaction --databases db_log_zone_96005 > /data/db_backup_mysqldump/db_backup_db_log/db_log_zone_96005.sql

--databases 使用此参数导出数据时，会生成对应的创建数据库sql，免去要手动创建数据的麻烦

生成的文件样例如下

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.7.24-26, for Linux (x86_64)
--
-- Host: 10.162.84.200    Database: db_log_zone_96005
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version       5.7.23-log

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
/*!50717 SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @rocksdb_has_p_s_session_variables FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'performance_schema' AND TABLE_NAME = 'session_variables' */;
/*!50717 SET @rocksdb_get_is_supported = IF (@rocksdb_has_p_s_session_variables, 'SELECT COUNT(*) INTO @rocksdb_is_supported FROM performance_schema.session_variables WHERE VARIABLE_NAME=\'rocksdb_bulk_load\'', 'SELECT 0') */;
/*!50717 PREPARE s FROM @rocksdb_get_is_supported */;
/*!50717 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50717 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;
/*!50717 SET @rocksdb_enable_bulk_load = IF (@rocksdb_is_supported, 'SET SESSION rocksdb_bulk_load = 1', 'SET @rocksdb_dummy_bulk_load = 0') */;
/*!50717 PREPARE s FROM @rocksdb_enable_bulk_load */;
/*!50717 EXECUTE s */;
/*!50717 DEALLOCATE PREPARE s */;

--
-- Current Database: `db_log_zone_96005`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `db_log_zone_96005` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `db_log_zone_96005`;

--
-- Table structure for table `161activity_plugin_check`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `161activity_plugin_check`;

CREATE DATABASE /!32312 IF NOT EXISTS/ db_log_zone_96005 /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */; 这句 sql ai的解释如下

CREATE DATABASE: 这是一个SQL命令，用于创建一个新的数据库。
/*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/: 这部分是一个条件注释。MySQL会解析并执行这些注释中的内容，只要MySQL的版本高于或等于注释中指定的版本号（在这里是3.23.12）。这是一种确保向后兼容性的方法，允许在旧版本的MySQL中运行SQL脚本，而不会因为不支持的语法而出错。在这个例子中，IF NOT EXISTS子句会被MySQL 3.23.12或更高版本执行，它确保只有在数据库db_log_zone_96005不存在时才会创建它。
db_log_zone_96005: 这是要创建的数据库的名称。
/*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */: 这又是一个条件注释，它指定了数据库的默认字符集为latin1。这个注释中的内容会被MySQL 4.1.0或更高版本执行。字符集latin1是西欧语言的字符集，也称为ISO 8859-1。

综上所述，这条SQL语句的作用是：在MySQL版本3.23.12或更高的环境中，如果数据库db_log_zone_96005不存在，则创建它，并在MySQL版本4.1.0或更高的环境中将其默认字符集设置为latin1。如果数据库已经存在，这条命令将不会执行任何操作。

mysql on Ricardo

MySQL SQL 常用命令

1 库表结构操作

1.1 建库

1.1.1 DDL 创建数据库设置字符串集utf8

1.1.2 DDL 删库

查询当前用户权限

删除权限

mysql 8.0 创建用户

给用户赋权

赋权

授权之后刷新权限

查询用户权限

删除用户

修改用户密码(登录状态)

1.2 数据库表的增删改查

1.2.1 DDL 新增表 建表

1.2.2 DDL 删除表

1.2.3 DDL 表新增字段，并指定字段位置

1.2.4 DDL 修改表字段

修改表字段顺序

mysql自增ID起始值修改方法

查看建表语句

1.2.5 DDL 删除表字段

1.2.6 DDL 新增表索引

1.2.7 DDL 删除表索引

DCL 控制语句，设置自动提交

修改index值，新表默认从1开始

DML 表数据插入

DML 表删除数据

DML 清空表数据

DML 表数据更新

DML 表数据查询

DML 查询指定行数的数据，从第10行向后查询5条数据

sql 其他操作

手动灌sql

查看慢查询设置时间，单位秒

查询存储过程创建命令

查询从库master信息

mysqlclient 安装记录

mysqlclient 安装

一、官方安装操作

二、安装问题解决

1. xcode 问题

1. mysql 8.0 兼容问题

2. arm 芯片 安装异常报错

3. 另辟蹊径，安装pymysql解决问题

mysqldump 常用操作

mysqldump

mysqldump 5.7

1. mysql 导出表结构和表数据 mysqldump用法，命令行下具体用法如下:

2. 导出整个数据库结构和数据

3. 导出单个数据表结构和数据

4.导出整个数据库结构（不包含数据）

5.导出单个数据表结构（不包含数据）

6.mysqldump 备份导出数据排除某张表

mysqldump 8.0

1.2.1 DDL 新增表建表

2. arm 芯片安装异常报错